Estimate US federal income tax, your effective rate, and monthly take-home pay from 2024 brackets.
Enter your annual income, filing status, and deductions (the 2024 standard deduction for a single filer, $14,600, is pre-suggested) and the calculator applies the 2024 US federal tax brackets progressively: 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35%, and 37%. It then reports your estimated federal tax, your effective rate — total tax as a share of income — your after-tax income, and monthly take-home.
The single most misunderstood thing about brackets: moving into a higher bracket only taxes the income above the threshold at the higher rate. Earning one dollar into the 22% bracket does not tax your whole salary at 22%, and a raise can never leave you with less after-tax income.
A single filer earning $75,000 with the standard deduction has $60,400 of taxable income. Tax is 10% on the first $11,600, 12% up to $47,150, and 22% on the remainder — about $8,341 in total. That is a marginal rate of 22% but an effective rate of just ~11%. The gap between those two numbers is why "I'm in the 22% bracket" tells you very little about your actual tax bill.
No — the brackets are specific to US federal income tax. Other countries use different bands, rates, and allowances. The effective-vs-marginal logic, however, applies to nearly every progressive tax system in the world.
Paychecks also deduct FICA taxes (7.65% for most employees), state income tax where applicable, and pre-tax items like 401(k) contributions and health premiums. This calculator isolates the federal income tax component only.
Enter your gross annual income and your deductions separately — the calculator subtracts deductions for you to produce taxable income. If you already know your taxable income, enter it as income with $0 deductions.